1134 Navarre separates from Aragon.

1137 Aragon and Barcelona unite.

1139 Portugal proclaims independence.

1141 Sultan Sanjar of Merv is defeated by the Qarakhitai Mongols and retreats south of the Oxus.

1143 Zangi, Atabeg of Mosul, captures Edessa.

1147 Portugal captures Lisbon, aided by the English. The northern Germans and Danes attack the pagan Slavs in the Elbe-Oder region, under the pretext of a crusade.

1147-8 Second crusade mounted in response to loss of Edessa.

1148-9 The king of Aragon takes the lands along the lower Ebro.

1153 The remainder of the Sultanate of Merv is destroyed by the newly arrive Ghuzz tribes.

1154 Zangi's son, Nureddin annexes Damascus. The English crown passes to Henry Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, who married Eleanor of Aquitaine two years earlier. England then extends to the Pyrenees.

1157 Leon and Castille divide.

1168 The northern crusade is completed. Nureddin conquers Egypt.

1169 Suzdal forces sack Kiev.

by 1173 The Almohads replace the Almoravids in Morocco in the 1140s, conquer the rest of the Maghreb and Tripolitania in 1152-60, and take over Muslim Spain in 1150-72.

The Byzantines consolidate their hold on the Balkans, gaining recognition of suzerainty from the Serbs and Bosnians.

Poland disintegrates.