]
`, '\u{007B}': `{
`, '\u{007D}': `}
`, '\u{00A7}': `§
`, '\u{00B6}': `¶
`, '\u{00B7}': `·
`, '\u{2010}': `‐
`, '\u{2013}': `–
`, '\u{2014}': `—
`, '\u{2015}': `―
`, '\u{2016}': `‖
`, '\u{2018}': `‘
`, '\u{2019}': `’
`, '\u{201C}': `“
`, '\u{201D}': `”
`, '\u{2020}': `†
`, '\u{2021}': `‡
`, '\u{2025}': `‥
`, '\u{2026}': `…
`, '\u{2030}': `‰
`, '\u{2032}': `′
`, '\u{2033}': `″
`, '\u{203B}': `※
Used for footnotes, in the text and to list the footnotes themselves. It can be followed by a number when there are multiple footnotes.
`, '\u{203C}': `‼
`, '\u{2047}': `⁇
`, '\u{2048}': `⁈
`, '\u{2049}': `⁉
`, '\u{2E3A}': `⸺
`, '\u{3001}': `、
`, '\u{3002}': `。
`, '\u{3003}': `〃
`, '\u{3005}': `In horizontal writing, denotes the repetition of the previous kanji character. Not usually used across word boundaries, though there are a few exceptions. The sound of the repeated character may differ due to assimilation. @Wiktionary,https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%80%85#Japanese
昔々
島々
An equivalent for use in vertical text (now rare) is 〻 [U+303B VERTICAL IDEOGRAPHIC ITERATION MARK].@Wiktionary,https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%80%85#Japanese
@Wikipedia,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iteration_mark#Japanese
`, '\u{3006}': `〆
`, '\u{3008}': `〈
`, '\u{3009}': `〉
`, '\u{300A}': `《
`, '\u{300B}': `》
`, '\u{300C}': `「
`, '\u{300D}': `」
`, '\u{300E}': `『
`, '\u{300F}': `』
`, '\u{3010}': `【
`, '\u{3011}': `】
`, '\u{3012}': `〒
`, '\u{3013}': `〓
`, '\u{3014}': `〔
`, '\u{3015}': `〕
`, '\u{3016}': `〖
`, '\u{3017}': `〗
`, '\u{301C}': `〜
`, '\u{301D}': `〝
`, '\u{301E}': `〞
`, '\u{301F}': `〟
`, '\u{3020}': `〠
`, '\u{3030}': `〰
`, '\u{3031}': `〱
In vertical writing, denotes the repetition of multiple previous characters. The sound of the repeated character may differ due to assimilation. The glyph should take up 2 character spaces.@Wikipedia,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iteration_mark#Repeating_multiple_characters
わざ〱
If the repeated text begins with a voiced stop, use 〲 [U+3032 VERTICAL KANA REPEAT WITH VOICED SOUND MARK].
`, '\u{3032}': `〲
In vertical writing, denotes the repetition of multiple previous characters, where the repetition begins with a voiced stop. The sound of the repeated character may differ due to assimilation. The glyph should take up 2 character spaces.@Wikipedia,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iteration_mark#Repeating_multiple_characters
離れ〲
If the repeated text doesn't begin with a voiced stop, use 〱 [U+3031 VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK].
`, '\u{3033}': `〳
In vertical writing, the first part of a 2-part iterator that denotes the repetition of multiple previous characters, where the repetition doesn't begin with a voiced stop. The first sound of the repetition may differ due to assimilation. This glyph should be followed by 〵 [U+3035 VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK LOWER HALF].
Alternatively, a single character is available, 〱 [U+3031 VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK]. @Wikipedia,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iteration_mark#Repeating_multiple_characters
いろ〳〵
If the repeated text begins with a voiced stop, use 〴 [U+3034 VERTICAL KANA REPEAT WITH VOICED SOUND MARK UPPER HALF].
`, '\u{3034}': `〴
In vertical writing, the first part of a 2-part iterator that denotes the repetition of multiple previous characters, where the repetition begins with a voiced stop. The first sound of the repetition may differ due to assimilation. This glyph should be followed by 〵 [U+3035 VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK LOWER HALF].
Alternatively, a single character is available, 〲 [U+3032 VERTICAL KANA REPEAT WITH VOICED SOUND MARK].@Wikipedia,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iteration_mark#Repeating_multiple_characters
くれ〴〵
If the repeated text doesn't begin with a voiced stop, use 〳 [U+3033 VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK UPPER HALF].
`, '\u{3035}': `〵
In vertical writing, the second part of a 2-part iterator that denotes the repetition of multiple previous characters. This glyph should be preceded by one of 〳 [U+3033 VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK UPPER HALF] or 〴 [U+3034 VERTICAL KANA REPEAT WITH VOICED SOUND MARK UPPER HALF].
いろ〳〵
くれ〴〵
`, '\u{3036}': `〶
`, '\u{3037}': `〷
`, '\u{303B}': `In vertical writing, denotes the repetition of the previous kanji character. The sound of the repeated character may differ due to assimilation.@Wiktionary,https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/〻#Japanese
島〻
昔〻
The equivalent for use in horizontal text is 々 [U+3005 IDEOGRAPHIC ITERATION MARK]. @Wiktionary,https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/〻#Japanese
`, '\u{303C}': `〼
`, '\u{303D}': `〽
Indicates the beginning of a song or the next player's part in Noh chanting books and Renga (linked verse).@Wikipedia,Part_alternation_mark
`, '\u{303E}': `〾
`, '\u{303F}': `〿
`, '\u{3041}': `ぁ
`, '\u{3042}': `あ
`, '\u{3043}': `ぃ
`, '\u{3044}': `い
`, '\u{3045}': `ぅ
`, '\u{3046}': `う
`, '\u{3047}': `ぇ
`, '\u{3048}': `え
`, '\u{3049}': `ぉ
`, '\u{304A}': `お
`, '\u{304B}': `か
`, '\u{304C}': `が
`, '\u{304D}': `き
`, '\u{304E}': `ぎ
`, '\u{304F}': `く
`, '\u{3050}': `ぐ
`, '\u{3051}': `け
`, '\u{3052}': `げ
`, '\u{3053}': `こ
`, '\u{3054}': `ご
`, '\u{3055}': `さ
`, '\u{3056}': `ざ
`, '\u{3057}': `し
`, '\u{3058}': `じ
`, '\u{3059}': `す
`, '\u{305A}': `ず
`, '\u{305B}': `せ
`, '\u{305C}': `ぜ
`, '\u{305D}': `そ
`, '\u{305E}': `ぞ
`, '\u{305F}': `た
`, '\u{3060}': `だ
`, '\u{3061}': `ち
`, '\u{3062}': `ぢ
`, '\u{3063}': `Used before another hiragana syllable to lengthen the following consonant.
なっと
`, '\u{3064}': `つ
`, '\u{3065}': `づ
`, '\u{3066}': `て
`, '\u{3067}': `で
`, '\u{3068}': `と
`, '\u{3069}': `ど
`, '\u{306A}': `な
`, '\u{306B}': `に
`, '\u{306C}': `ぬ
`, '\u{306D}': `ね
`, '\u{306E}': `の
`, '\u{306F}': `は
`, '\u{3070}': `ば
`, '\u{3071}': `ぱ
`, '\u{3072}': `ひ
`, '\u{3073}': `び
`, '\u{3074}': `ぴ
`, '\u{3075}': `ふ
`, '\u{3076}': `ぶ
`, '\u{3077}': `ぷ
`, '\u{3078}': `へ
`, '\u{3079}': `べ
`, '\u{307A}': `ぺ
`, '\u{307B}': `ほ
`, '\u{307C}': `ぼ
`, '\u{307D}': `ぽ
`, '\u{307E}': `ま
`, '\u{307F}': `み
`, '\u{3080}': `む
`, '\u{3081}': `め
`, '\u{3082}': `も
`, '\u{3083}': `ゃ
`, '\u{3084}': `や
`, '\u{3085}': `ゅ
`, '\u{3086}': `ゆ
`, '\u{3087}': `ょ
`, '\u{3088}': `よ
`, '\u{3089}': `ら
`, '\u{308A}': `り
`, '\u{308B}': `る
`, '\u{308C}': `れ
`, '\u{308D}': `ろ
`, '\u{308E}': `ゎ
`, '\u{308F}': `わ
`, '\u{3090}': `ゐ
`, '\u{3091}': `ゑ
`, '\u{3092}': `を
`, '\u{3093}': `ん
`, '\u{3094}': `ゔ
`, '\u{3095}': `ゕ
`, '\u{3096}': `ゖ
`, '\u{3099}': `Voiced consonants are indicated by attaching this dakuten mark to the unvoiced shape. Japanese text mostly uses precomposed characters for these combinations, but decomposition using NFD splits voiced syllables into a base plus this character.
ご [U+3054 HIRAGANA LETTER GO]
becomes
ご [U+3053 HIRAGANA LETTER KO + U+3099 COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA VOICED SOUND MARK]
This is used for both hiragana and katakana syllables.
`, '\u{309A}': `Syllables beginning with the sound p are indicated by the use of this han-dakuten (half-dakuten). Japanese text mostly uses precomposed characters for these combinations, but decomposition using NFD splits these syllables into a base plus this character.
ぱ [U+3071 HIRAGANA LETTER PA]
becomes
ぱ [U+306F HIRAGANA LETTER HA + U+309A COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA SEMI-VOICED SOUND MARK]
This is used for both hiragana and katakana syllables.
`, '\u{309B}': `゛
Voiced consonants are indicated by attaching a dakuten mark to the unvoiced shape. Japanese text mostly uses precomposed characters for these combinations, but decomposition using NFD splits voiced syllables into a base plus ゙ [U+3099 COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA VOICED SOUND MARK].
This modifier character can be used for educational materials in order to show a dakuten alone. It has an NFKD decomposition to ゙ [U+0020 SPACE + U+3099 COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA VOICED SOUND MARK]
`, '\u{309C}': `Syllables beginning with the sound p are indicated by the use of a han-dakuten (half-dakuten). Japanese text mostly uses precomposed characters for these combinations, but decomposition using NFD splits these syllables into a base plus ゚ [U+309A COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA SEMI-VOICED SOUND MARK].
This modifier character can be used for educational materials in order to show a han-dakuten alone. It has an NFKD decomposition to ゚ [U+0020 SPACE + U+309A COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA SEMI-VOICED SOUND MARK]
`, '\u{309D}': `ゝ
An iteration mark denoting a repetition of a hiragana syllable.
かゝし
If the sound of the repeated syllable starts with a voiced stop, use ゞ [U+309E HIRAGANA VOICED ITERATION MARK].
`, '\u{309E}': `ゞ
An iteration mark denoting a repetition of a hiragana syllable when the repetition begins with a voiced stop.
たゞし
If the initial sound of the repeated syllable doesn't start with a voiced stop, use ゝ [U+309D HIRAGANA ITERATION MARK].
`, '\u{309F}': `ゟ
`, '\u{30A0}': `゠
`, '\u{30A1}': `ァ
`, '\u{30A2}': `ア
`, '\u{30A3}': `ィ
`, '\u{30A4}': `イ
`, '\u{30A5}': `ゥ
`, '\u{30A6}': `ウ
`, '\u{30A7}': `ェ
`, '\u{30A8}': `エ
`, '\u{30A9}': `ォ
`, '\u{30AA}': `オ
`, '\u{30AB}': `カ
`, '\u{30AC}': `ガ
`, '\u{30AD}': `キ
`, '\u{30AE}': `ギ
`, '\u{30AF}': `ク
`, '\u{30B0}': `グ
`, '\u{30B1}': `ケ
`, '\u{30B2}': `ゲ
`, '\u{30B3}': `コ
`, '\u{30B4}': `ゴ
`, '\u{30B5}': `サ
`, '\u{30B6}': `ザ
`, '\u{30B7}': `シ
`, '\u{30B8}': `ジ
`, '\u{30B9}': `ス
`, '\u{30BA}': `ズ
`, '\u{30BB}': `セ
`, '\u{30BC}': `ゼ
`, '\u{30BD}': `ソ
`, '\u{30BE}': `ゾ
`, '\u{30BF}': `タ
`, '\u{30C0}': `ダ
`, '\u{30C1}': `チ
`, '\u{30C2}': `ヂ
`, '\u{30C3}': `Used before another katakana syllable to lengthen the following consonant.
インタネット
`, '\u{30C4}': `ツ
`, '\u{30C5}': `ヅ
`, '\u{30C6}': `テ
`, '\u{30C7}': `デ
`, '\u{30C8}': `ト
`, '\u{30C9}': `ド
`, '\u{30CA}': `ナ
`, '\u{30CB}': `ニ
`, '\u{30CC}': `ヌ
`, '\u{30CD}': `ネ
`, '\u{30CE}': `ノ
`, '\u{30CF}': `ハ
`, '\u{30D0}': `バ
`, '\u{30D1}': `パ
`, '\u{30D2}': `ヒ
`, '\u{30D3}': `ビ
`, '\u{30D4}': `ピ
`, '\u{30D5}': `フ
`, '\u{30D6}': `ブ
`, '\u{30D7}': `プ
`, '\u{30D8}': `ヘ
`, '\u{30D9}': `ベ
`, '\u{30DA}': `ペ
`, '\u{30DB}': `ホ
`, '\u{30DC}': `ボ
`, '\u{30DD}': `ポ
`, '\u{30DE}': `マ
`, '\u{30DF}': `ミ
`, '\u{30E0}': `ム
`, '\u{30E1}': `メ
`, '\u{30E2}': `モ
`, '\u{30E3}': `ャ
`, '\u{30E4}': `ヤ
`, '\u{30E5}': `ュ
`, '\u{30E6}': `ユ
`, '\u{30E7}': `ョ
`, '\u{30E8}': `ヨ
`, '\u{30E9}': `ラ
`, '\u{30EA}': `リ
`, '\u{30EB}': `ル
`, '\u{30EC}': `レ
`, '\u{30ED}': `ロ
`, '\u{30EE}': `ヮ
`, '\u{30EF}': `ワ
`, '\u{30F0}': `ヰ
`, '\u{30F1}': `ヱ
`, '\u{30F2}': `ヲ
`, '\u{30F3}': `ン
`, '\u{30F4}': `ヴ
`, '\u{30F5}': `ヵ
`, '\u{30F6}': `ヶ
`, '\u{30F7}': `ヷ
`, '\u{30F8}': `ヸ
`, '\u{30F9}': `ヹ
`, '\u{30FA}': `ヺ
`, '\u{30FB}': `・
`, '\u{30FC}': `Used to elongate vowel sounds. This elongation is phonemically significant. It is used predominantly with katakana, but occasionally also with hiragana
コーヒー
`, '\u{30FD}': `ヽ
An iteration mark denoting a repetition of a katakana syllable.
バナヽ
If the sound of the repeated syllable starts with a voiced stop, use ヾ [U+30FE KATAKANA VOICED ITERATION MARK].
`, '\u{30FE}': `ヾ
An iteration mark denoting a repetition of a katakana syllable when the repetition begins with a voiced stop.
If the sound of the repeated syllable starts with a character that is not a voiced stop, use ヽ [U+30FD KATAKANA ITERATION MARK].
`, '\u{30FF}': `ヿ
`, '\u{FF01}': `！
`, '\u{FF02}': `＂
`, '\u{FF05}': `％
`, '\u{FF06}': `＆
`, '\u{FF07}': `＇
`, '\u{FF08}': `（
`, '\u{FF09}': `）
`, '\u{FF0A}': `＊
`, '\u{FF0C}': `，
`, '\u{FF0D}': `－
`, '\u{FF0E}': `．
`, '\u{FF0F}': `／
`, '\u{FF10}': `０
`, '\u{FF11}': `１
`, '\u{FF12}': `２
`, '\u{FF13}': `３
`, '\u{FF14}': `４
`, '\u{FF15}': `５
`, '\u{FF16}': `６
`, '\u{FF17}': `７
`, '\u{FF18}': `８
`, '\u{FF19}': `９
`, '\u{FF1A}': `：
`, '\u{FF1B}': `；
`, '\u{FF1F}': `？
`, '\u{FF20}': `＠
`, '\u{FF21}': `Ａ
`, '\u{FF22}': `Ｂ
`, '\u{FF23}': `Ｃ
`, '\u{FF24}': `Ｄ
`, '\u{FF25}': `Ｅ
`, '\u{FF26}': `Ｆ
`, '\u{FF27}': `Ｇ
`, '\u{FF28}': `Ｈ
`, '\u{FF29}': `Ｉ
`, '\u{FF2A}': `Ｊ
`, '\u{FF2B}': `Ｋ
`, '\u{FF2C}': `Ｌ
`, '\u{FF2D}': `Ｍ
`, '\u{FF2E}': `Ｎ
`, '\u{FF2F}': `Ｏ
`, '\u{FF30}': `Ｐ
`, '\u{FF31}': `Ｑ
`, '\u{FF32}': `Ｒ
`, '\u{FF33}': `Ｓ
`, '\u{FF34}': `Ｔ
`, '\u{FF35}': `Ｕ
`, '\u{FF36}': `Ｖ
`, '\u{FF37}': `Ｗ
`, '\u{FF38}': `Ｘ
`, '\u{FF39}': `Ｙ
`, '\u{FF3A}': `Ｚ
`, '\u{FF3B}': `［
`, '\u{FF3C}': `＼
`, '\u{FF3D}': `］
`, '\u{FF41}': `ａ
`, '\u{FF42}': `ｂ
`, '\u{FF43}': `ｃ
`, '\u{FF44}': `ｄ
`, '\u{FF45}': `ｅ
`, '\u{FF46}': `ｆ
`, '\u{FF47}': `ｇ
`, '\u{FF48}': `ｈ
`, '\u{FF49}': `ｉ
`, '\u{FF4A}': `ｊ
`, '\u{FF4B}': `ｋ
`, '\u{FF4C}': `ｌ
`, '\u{FF4D}': `ｍ
`, '\u{FF4E}': `ｎ
`, '\u{FF4F}': `ｏ
`, '\u{FF50}': `ｐ
`, '\u{FF51}': `ｑ
`, '\u{FF52}': `ｒ
`, '\u{FF53}': `ｓ
`, '\u{FF54}': `ｔ
`, '\u{FF55}': `ｕ
`, '\u{FF56}': `ｖ
`, '\u{FF57}': `ｗ
`, '\u{FF58}': `ｘ
`, '\u{FF59}': `ｙ
`, '\u{FF5A}': `ｚ
`, '\u{FF5B}': `｛
`, '\u{FF5D}': `｝
`, '\u{FF5E}': `～
`, '\u{FF61}': `｡
`, '\u{FF62}': `｢
`, '\u{FF63}': `｣
`, '\u{FF64}': `､
`, // COMMON PUNCTUATION // § '\u{00A7}': ` `, // « '\u{00AB}': ` `, // » '\u{00BB}': ` `, // FORMATTING CHARACTERS // zwsp '\u{200B}': `An invisible character, used to signal line-break and word-break opportunities. It was originally provided for use with writing systems such as Thai, Myanmar, Khmer, Japanese, etc. that don't use spaces between words.
Justification may visibly adjust the space between the characters on either side of this character, doing so as if the ZWSP wasn't there, eg. the Thai text อักษรไทย may look like อั ก ษ ร ไ ท ย when justified, or when letter-spacing is applied, even though the two words are separated by a ZWSP (click on the word to see the composition).
`, // zwj '\u{200D}': `Creates glyph joining behaviour in the absence of normal joining contexts.
`, // zwnj '\u{200C}': `Prevents glyph joining behaviour.
`, // rlm '\u{200F}': `An invisible character with a strong RTL directional property. Can be used to correct local issues with the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm.
`, // lrm '\u{200E}': `An invisible character with a strong LTR directional property. Can be used to correct local issues with the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm.
`, // ‘ '\u{2018}': ` `, // ’ '\u{2019}': ` `, // “ '\u{201C}': ` `, // ” '\u{201D}': ` `, '\u{2020}': `Called dagger, but also known as obelisk, obelus, or long cross.b321
A reference mark, used primarily with footnotes. When used for this purpose with other signs, the traditional order is * † ‡ § ‖ ¶.b68
Also a death sign in European typography, used to mark the year of death or the names of dead persons.b321
In lexicography it marks obsolete forms, and in editing of classical texts flags passages judged to be corrupt.b321
`, '\u{2021}': `Called dagger, but also known as diesis, or double obelisk.b321
A reference mark used with footnotes. When used for this purpose with other signs, the traditional order is * † ‡ § ‖ ¶.b68
`, // … '\u{2026}': ` `, // rle '\u{202B}': `Sets the base direction for the following text to RTL, with no isolation. The Unicode Standard recommends use of RLI, instead.
`, // lre '\u{202A}': `Sets the base direction for the following text to LTR, with no isolation. The Unicode Standard recommends use of LRI, instead.
`, // pdf '\u{202C}': `Ends the range of text that started with RLE, or LRE.
`, '\u{2032}': `Abbreviation for feet (1′ = 12″).b330
Also used for minutes of arc (eg. 60′=1°).b330
`, '\u{2033}': `Abbreviation for inches (1′ = 12″).b321
Also used for seconds of arc (eg. 360″=1°).b321
`, // word-break '\u{2060}': `An invisible character, equivalent to a zero-width no-break space, and used to prevent line-breaks, eg. it can be used around the + sign in base+delta to prevent a line break occuring in that sequence of characters. It has no effect on word segmentation.
It can also be used to bracket other characters to turn them into non-breaking characters, such as U+2009 THIN SPACE or ― [U+2015 HORIZONTAL BAR].
Not to be confused with U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER or U+034F COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER, since it has no effect on shaping.
This functionality is also provided by U+FEFF ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE, but since that character also represents the byte-order mark, the use of this word joiner character (added in Unicode 3.2) is strongly preferred over the latter.
`, // rli '\u{2067}': `Sets the base direction for the following text to RTL, and isolates it (ie. stops the bidirectional algorithm causing interactions across the boundaries of the embedded text).
`, // lri '\u{2066}': `Sets the base direction for the following text to LTR, and isolates it (ie. stops the bidirectional algorithm causing interactions across the boundaries of the embedded text).
`, //fsi '\u{2068}': `Sets the base direction for the following text to the direction of the first strong directional character, per Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm rules, and isolates it (ie. stops the bidirectional algorithm causing interactions across the boundaries of the embedded text).
`, // pdi '\u{2069}': `Ends the range of text that started with RLI, LRI, or FSI.
`, }