᱐
0 digit.
`, '\u{1C51}': `᱑
1 digit.
`, '\u{1C52}': `᱒
2 digit.
`, '\u{1C53}': `᱓
3 digit.
`, '\u{1C54}': `᱔
4 digit.
`, '\u{1C55}': `᱕
5 digit.
`, '\u{1C56}': `᱖
6 digit.
`, '\u{1C57}': `᱗
7 digit.
`, '\u{1C58}': `᱘
8 digit.
`, '\u{1C59}': `᱙
9 digit.
`, '\u{1C5A}': `ᱚ
ɔ eg. ᱢᱚᱬᱮ
Combinations
ᱚᱹ [U+1C5A OL CHIKI LETTER LA + U+1C79 OL CHIKI GAAHLAA TTUDDAAG] is also ɔ, but it is rarely used, and the phonetic difference between it and ᱚ [U+1C5A OL CHIKI LETTER LA] is not clearly defined. The ALA-LOC transcription page says that it has a lower pitch. The phonemic difference between the two may be only marginal.rp,9
`, '\u{1C5B}': `ᱛ
t eg. ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ
`, '\u{1C5C}': `ᱜ
ɡ eg. ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ
k̚ when word-final, eg. ᱫᱚᱜ
`, '\u{1C5D}': `ᱝ
ŋ eg. ᱮᱝᱜᱚ
`, '\u{1C5E}': `ᱞ
l eg. ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ
`, '\u{1C5F}': `ᱟ
a eg. ᱟᱨᱮ
Combinations
ə is ᱟᱹ [U+1C5F OL CHIKI LETTER LAA + U+1C79 OL CHIKI GAAHLAA TTUDDAAG], eg. ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ
`, '\u{1C60}': `ᱠ
k eg. ᱠᱚᱲᱟ
`, '\u{1C61}': `ᱡ
ɟ eg. ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ
c̚̚ when word-final, eg. ᱢᱩᱡ
`, '\u{1C62}': `ᱢ
m eg. ᱢᱚᱬᱮ
`, '\u{1C63}': `ᱣ
w eg. ᱱᱚᱣᱟ
`, '\u{1C64}': `ᱤ
i eg. ᱤᱵᱤᱞ
`, '\u{1C65}': `ᱥ
s eg. ᱥᱮᱛᱟ
`, '\u{1C66}': `ᱦ
h eg. ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ
ʔ when word-final.
`, '\u{1C67}': `ᱧ
ɲ eg. ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ
`, '\u{1C68}': `ᱨ
r eg. ᱨᱚᱡᱚ
`, '\u{1C69}': `ᱩ
u eg. ᱢᱩᱡ
`, '\u{1C6A}': `ᱪ
c eg. ᱪᱮᱬᱮ
`, '\u{1C6B}': `ᱫ
d eg. ᱜᱤᱫᱤ
t̚ when word-final, eg. ᱢᱮᱫ
`, '\u{1C6C}': `ᱬ
ɳ eg. ᱪᱮᱬᱮ
`, '\u{1C6D}': `ᱭ
j eg. ᱮᱭᱟᱭ
`, '\u{1C6E}': `ᱮ
e eg. ᱢᱮᱫ
Combinations
ɛ is ᱮᱹ [U+1C6E OL CHIKI LETTER LE + U+1C79 OL CHIKI GAAHLAA TTUDDAAG].
`, '\u{1C6F}': `ᱯ
p eg. ᱟᱯᱟ
`, '\u{1C70}': `ᱰ
ɖ eg. ᱱᱚᱰᱮ
`, '\u{1C71}': `ᱱ
n eg. ᱱᱚᱰᱮ
`, '\u{1C72}': `ᱲ
ɽ eg. ᱠᱩᱲᱤ
`, '\u{1C73}': `ᱳ
o eg. ᱜᱳᱫ
`, '\u{1C74}': `ᱴ
ʈ eg. ᱮᱴᱟᱜ
`, '\u{1C75}': `ᱵ
b eg. ᱵᱤᱨ
p̚ when word-final, eg. ᱩᱵ
`, '\u{1C76}': `ᱶ
w̃ (nasalised) eg. ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ
`, '\u{1C77}': `ᱷ
Aspirates the preceding consonant, eg. ᱡᱷᱚᱛᱚ ᱛᱷᱚᱲᱟ
`, '\u{1C78}': `ᱸ
Indicates nasalisation of a vowel, eg. ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ
When the vowel is already followed by the nukta ᱹ [U+1C79 OL CHIKI GAAHLAA TTUDDAAG] a special code point, ᱺ [U+1C7A OL CHIKI MU-GAAHLAA TTUDDAAG], is used for the combination of both modifiers.
`, '\u{1C79}': `ᱹ
Used with existing vowels to create 3 additional sounds:
When the vowel is followed by this character and nasalised using ᱸ [U+1C78 OL CHIKI MU TTUDDAG] a special code point, ᱺ [U+1C7A OL CHIKI MU-GAAHLAA TTUDDAAG], is used for the combination of both modifiers.
`, '\u{1C7A}': `ᱺ
Used when a vowel is followed by the nukta and nasalised at the same time, eg. ᱵᱮᱺᱫᱤ
`, '\u{1C7B}': `ᱻ
Indicates prolongation of a vowel, eg. ᱢᱚᱹᱬᱮᱻ ᱢᱚᱸᱻᱦᱟ
`, '\u{1C7C}': `ᱼ
Devoices a preceding consonant that is followed by a vowel, eg. ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ
Used after these consonants:
ᱽ
Prevents devoicing of a preceding consonant when it is not followed by a vowel.
Four voiced stops are pronounced unvoiced and unreleased when they are not followed by a vowel, especially in word-final position, eg. ᱢᱩᱡ
These are the consonants:
This character is placed after the consonant to prevent the devoicing, eg. compare ᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱚᱡᱚ
`, '\u{1C7E}': `᱾
The ASCII full stop is not used, since it creates confusion with other dots in the orthography, therefore this is the main sentence delimiter.
`, '\u{1C7F}': `᱿
Used at the end of a paragraph or some other block of text.
`, // COMMON PUNCTUATION // danda '\u{0964}': `।
`, // double danda '\u{0965}': `॥
`, // ".. '\u{201C}': `Default quotation marks.
`, // .." '\u{201D}': `Default quotation marks.
`, // '.. '\u{2018}': `Typically used as nested quotation marks.
`, // ..' '\u{2019}': `Typically used as nested quotation marks.
`, // « '\u{00AB}': ` `, // » '\u{00BB}': ` `, // ; '\u{003B}': ` `, // : '\u{003A}': ` `, // . '\u{002E}': ` `, // ? '\u{003F}': ` `, // ! '\u{0021}': ` `, // ( '\u{0028}': ` `, // ) '\u{0029}': ` `, // … '\u{2026}': ` `, // – '\u{2013}': ` `, // — '\u{2014}': ` `, // § '\u{00A7}': ` `, '\u{2020}': `Called dagger, but also known as obelisk, obelus, or long cross.b321
A reference mark, used primarily with footnotes. When used for this purpose with other signs, the traditional order is * † ‡ § ‖ ¶.b68
Also a death sign in European typography, used to mark the year of death or the names of dead persons.b321
In lexicography it marks obsolete forms, and in editing of classical texts flags passages judged to be corrupt.b321
`, '\u{2021}': `Called dagger, but also known as diesis, or double obelisk.b321
A reference mark used with footnotes. When used for this purpose with other signs, the traditional order is * † ‡ § ‖ ¶.b68
`, '\u{2032}': `Abbreviation for feet (1′ = 12″).b330
Also used for minutes of arc (eg. 60′=1°).b330
`, '\u{2033}': `Abbreviation for inches (1′ = 12″).b321
Also used for seconds of arc (eg. 360″=1°).b321
`, // FORMATTING CHARACTERS // zwsp '\u{200B}': `An invisible character, used to signal line-break and word-break opportunities. It was originally provided for use with writing systems such as Thai, Myanmar, Khmer, Japanese, etc. that don't use spaces between words.
Justification may visibly adjust the space between the characters on either side of this character, doing so as if the ZWSP wasn't there, eg. the Thai text อักษรไทย may look like อั ก ษ ร ไ ท ย when justified, or when letter-spacing is applied, even though the two words are separated by a ZWSP (click on the word to see the composition).
`, // zwj '\u{200D}': `Creates glyph joining behaviour in the absence of normal joining contexts.
`, // zwnj '\u{200C}': `Prevents glyph joining behaviour.
`, // word-break '\u{2060}': `An invisible character, equivalent to a zero-width no-break space, and used to prevent line-breaks, eg. it can be used around the + sign in base+delta to prevent a line break occuring in that sequence of characters. It has no effect on word segmentation.
It can also be used to bracket other characters to turn them into non-breaking characters, such as U+2009 THIN SPACE or ― [U+2015 HORIZONTAL BAR].
Not to be confused with U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER or U+034F COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER, since it has no effect on shaping.
This functionality is also provided by U+FEFF ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE, but since that character also represents the byte-order mark, the use of this word joiner character (added in Unicode 3.2) is strongly preferred over the latter.
`, // rli '\u{2067}': `Sets the base direction for the following text to RTL, and isolates it (ie. stops the bidirectional algorithm causing interactions across the boundaries of the embedded text).
`, // lri '\u{2066}': `Sets the base direction for the following text to LTR, and isolates it (ie. stops the bidirectional algorithm causing interactions across the boundaries of the embedded text).
`, //fsi '\u{2068}': `Sets the base direction for the following text to the direction of the first strong directional character, per Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm rules, and isolates it (ie. stops the bidirectional algorithm causing interactions across the boundaries of the embedded text).
`, // pdi '\u{2069}': `Ends the range of text that started with RLI, LRI, or FSI.
`, // rle '\u{202B}': `Sets the base direction for the following text to RTL, with no isolation. The Unicode Standard recommends use of RLI, instead.
`, // lre '\u{202A}': `Sets the base direction for the following text to LTR, with no isolation. The Unicode Standard recommends use of LRI, instead.
`, // pdf '\u{202C}': `Ends the range of text that started with RLE, or LRE.
`, // rlm '\u{200F}': `An invisible character with a strong RTL directional property. Can be used to correct local issues with the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm.
`, // lrm '\u{200E}': `An invisible character with a strong LTR directional property. Can be used to correct local issues with the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm.
`, // cgj '\u{034F}': `Semantically separates characters. Can be used to prevent pairs of characters being treated as digraphs, or to block canonical reordering of combining marks during normalization. The word 'joiner' in the name is a misnomer.
`, // alm '\u{061C}': `Helps produce the correct ordering for sequences with no strong directional characters by overriding the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm default rules. Used particularly for text in the Arabic language, and languages using Syriac and Thaana scripts. Not usually needed for Hebrew, N'Ko, or Persian.
`, }